Frequently Asked Questions (FAQ)

Stocks or shares are terms that are used to represent units of ownership in a company. When you purchase stocks or shares of a company, you become one of the owners of that company. For instance, if a company issues 100 shares and you purchase 50 shares, you're said to hold 50% ownership of that company.

Being a shareholder and a part-owner of a company gives you certain rights and privileges. This includes the right to vote on company matters and the opportunity to receive a part of the profits generated by it by way of dividends.

As the name implies, the stock market or the share market is a platform where stocks and shares of companies are freely traded between investors. In India, the stock market is electronic, which means that buying or selling a company's shares must be done online through a trading portal of a stockbroker. There are currently two stock exchanges - the Bombay Stock Exchange (BSE) and the National Stock Exchange (NSE) - that facilitate the trading of shares in the country.

There are several factors that you need to consider when selecting a stock for your investment portfolio. This includes your investment goals, your risk tolerance, fundamental factors, stock technicals, business risk factors, economic trends and market conditions, among others.

In addition to equity shares of companies, several other instruments are traded in the stock markets. Preference shares, Differential Voting Rights (DVR) shares, debt securities like bonds and debentures, derivative contracts like futures and options, and Exchange Traded Funds (ETFs) are the other instruments that are routinely traded.

The price of a stock is determined by a variety of different micro and macro factors. Some of the most important factors are the company’s performance, earnings reports, industry risks, market conditions, macroeconomic factors, geopolitical scenarios, corporate actions, company-specific news and events and investor sentiment, among others.

Since the movement of the stock market is dependent on various factors and market conditions, it is not easy to determine the ideal time to purchase and sell shares for maximum profit. A better strategy to maximize profit would be to adopt a long-term investment approach. By investing consistently over a long period, you can effectively tide over short-term market volatility and fluctuations and benefit from compounding and rupee cost averaging.

The Securities and Exchange Board of India (SEBI) is the principal regulatory authority of the Indian financial markets. Some of the key roles and responsibilities of SEBI include the following

• Protection of Investors’ Interest
• Investor education and awareness
• Promotion, development and regulation of Indian financial markets
• Regulation of market players such as stock exchanges, stockbrokers, merchant bankers, credit rating agencies, mutual fund houses, retail investors and domestic and foreign institutional investors, among others
• Formulation of policies, guidelines, rules and regulations concerning the Indian financial markets

The Price-to-Earnings or P/E ratio is a financial metric that is widely used by investors to determine the valuation of a company. It is calculated by dividing the current market price of a stock by its Earnings Per Share (EPS).

A P/E ratio of more than 1 means that a company is overvalued, i.e., trading at a price that’s higher than its earnings can justify. On the other hand, if the P/E ratio is less than 1, the company is said to be undervalued, i.e., trading at a price that’s lower compared to its earnings potential.

Investors often prefer undervalued companies since they have a better chance of providing capital appreciation in the long term. The P/E ratio is one of the many ways that investors use to determine if a company is overvalued or undervalued.

Earnings Per Share, or EPS, is a metric that lets you determine just how much profit a company generates on a per-share basis. EPS can be calculated by dividing the net income of the company by its average number of outstanding shares. The higher the EPS, the more profit the company generates per share, which is indicative of better financial performance

The face value of a share is the base value assigned by the company when it is issued initially. It is also referred to as par value or nominal value. That said, the face value is primarily only used for legal purposes and in no way reflects the actual market price or the intrinsic value of the share.

Once you go to the Research 360 portal, you will see a home page. There, you can view various tabs. There is also a search bar, and you can enter the name of the stock whose details/information you wish to view.. You may also follow these steps:

1. Once you hit the search symbol, the page of the stock will show up.
2. On that page, in the top left corner, you will see a small tab (in yellow and white) saying “NSE” and “BSE”. You can click on either of these to see the details you want.

On the portal, click on the Futures and Options menu at the top. Once FNO overview page gets open, click on the option chain tab. You can select stock and its expiry at the top and check Greeks values like Gamma, Theta etc. under option chain. Also, you can search particular stock from search window and in stock page there is FNO section where you can also get the Greek values for that particular stock.

HeatMap section is a visual representation of the stock market that highlights the top-performing stocks and sectors. It uses a color-coded system to quickly identify which stocks are gaining or losing.

With the HeatMap, you can quickly identify market trends and adjust your investments accordingly. It saves you time and effort by consolidating all the relevant data in one place, giving you a clear view of the market at a glance.

You can also filter the results by expiry, buildup and other criteria’s to get a more tailored view of the market.

Investors who own company stock or wish to invest in a company’s stock may want to find out about what actions a company takes regarding their stock, be it issuing a bonus or dividends. To know this, you can go to the Research 360 portal and on the home page, you will see a tab called “Corp Action”. Corporate Actions can help you all the upcoming corporate actions and events like Dividend, Bonus, right issue, board meeting etc.

“SWOT” is the acronym that stands for “strength”, “weakness”, “opportunity” and “threat” with regard to a company’s stock and its general performance. SWOT analysis helps evaluate the internal and external factors that may impact the stock's performance, providing insights into its competitive position and potential risks.

In technical section of any particular stock overview page, we provide analysis of particular stock on the basis of technical studies and indicator like moving average, pivot point,RSI etc. Also, on the basis of analysis we provide technical rating to the stock as which gives user quick view regarding stock performance.

On the portal of Research 360, you can search for a stock and once the Stock page is displayed, you will see chart on the left side. In chart, click on this icon on the right top of the chart to open advance chart. Advance chart provides a visual representation of the stock's price movement over a specific time period. It allows users to analyse trends, patterns, and potential support or resistance levels.